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1. Types of Houses.

There are four basic types of housing: detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses and blocks of flats.

It must be understood that a detached house can take on any form or style. It does not matter if the house is a bungalow, a cottage or a mansion. As long as it is not joined to another house, it is a detached house. One advantage of a detached house is the fact that the free space surrounding the building belongs to the family. You can do whatever you would like to be done in your house. The disadvantage is that all repairs in the house should be made by the owner.

A semi-detached house is a pair of houses that share one common wall. The two houses are built to mirror each other. Interestingly enough, this type of housing is called a duplex in other parts of the world. Now the semi-detached house is still the most popular type of housing. One advantage of living in a semi-detached house is that there is still some privacy even if one wall is shared by the two houses. A disadvantage is that you are responsible for the upkeep of your side of the house. Another disadvantage is that you cannot just plan repairs or renovations as you have to consider your twin house.

Terraced housing is also known as townhouses. The origin of this type of dwelling was in the 17^th century in Europe. A row of identical looking houses share side walls. In the past, terrace housing used to be only associated with the working class for this type of housing was cheap, small and had very little privacy. As time went by, terrace housing became known as townhouses which were more associated with the rich. One of the major advantages of terrace housing is that it is relatively cheaper than a semi-detached built in the same location. One great disadvantage is that there is typically no yard or garden that comes with a unit. As two walls are shared, there is less privacy too.

A flat or an apartment is a part of a larger building. Such building is called an apartment building or a block of flats. A flat can be a studio unit, a one-bedroom, two-bedroom or three-bedroom unit. It's the cheapest type of dwelling in a town. Besides among advantages of living in a block of flats it takes less time to tidy up a flat than a house. But a flat has its disadvantages: your neighbors can make a lot of noise, when they, for example, hammer or drill the wall, or when they organize a party. Sometimes you can depend on your neighbors: your neighbors' tap is dripping and they need it to be repaired, so they block the water supply not only in their own flat but also in yours and you have to wait for hours till you can do the washing-up or take a shower. It isn't convenient, but in spite of it the largest part of population in our country lives in blocks of flats.

Look at the translation of the following words. Write down those in bold.

Basic types of housing – основные типы жилья.

Housing – жилье.

Dwelling – жилище, (жилой) дом, жилье, жилое помещение.

Detached house – частный дом.

Bungalow – бунгало.

Cottage – коттедж.

Mansion – большой особняк, дом; дворец.

Semi-detached houses (Br. E.) = duplex house ( Am . E .) – «полуособняк», двухквартирный дом (российский аналог – дом на две семьи).

Duplex apartment (Am. E.) – квартира, расположенная в двух этажах с внутренней лестницей.

Terraced houses = row house = townhouse – «городской особняк», таунхаус (в России до недавнего времени аналогов не имел).

Blocks of flats (Br. E.) = an apartment building ( Am . E .) – многоквартирный жилой дом (в таких живет большинство из нас).

Flat (Br. E.) = apartment (Am. E.) – квартира.

Studio unit – квартира-студия.

One-bedroom (two-bedroom, three-bedroom) unit – одно- (двух-, трех-) комнатная квартира.

Owner – владелец.

Neighbors – соседи.

To be joined – быть соединенным.

Advantage – преимущество.

Disadvantage – недостаток.

Repair – ремонт; ремонтировать.

Upkeep – ремонт, содержание (жилья).

Renovation – капитальный ремонт, перестройка, реконструкция.

Share – разделять, делить (комнату, дом и т.п.)

Common wall – общая стена.

Side walls – боковые стены.

To be responsible for smth / smb – быть ответственным за что-то / кого-то.

2. Match the parts of the room with their names

ceiling

power point

light switch

radiator

wall floor

3. Match the beginnings and the ends of the sentences.

1	You relax and watch TV	a	in the bathroom
2	You cook	b	in your bedroom
3	You eat your dinner	c	in the living room / lounge
4	You sleep	d	in the dining room
5	You have a shower	e	in the spare room
6	You put up guests	f	in the kitchen

1	What а	at home
2	Come in and	have tea, actually
3	Would you like	lovely house!
4	Black	your jackets?
5	These cakes look	sit down
6	I'd rather	delicious
7	Where's	or white?
8	Make yourselves	some coffee
9	Can I take	your loo?

4. Match the items and their names.

bookcase, blind, curtain, ornament, stereo system, television, lamp, picture, mantelpiece, clock, fireplace, dining chair, sofa, carpet, coffee table, armchair, rug, dining table, cushions, remote control

5. Divide the words into two groups

rooms	furniture

Hall, picture, piano, bedroom, table, carpet, living room, sofa, armchair, kitchen, shelf, pantry, lamp.

6. Odd one out.

living room, sofa, armchair

hall, picture, piano

bedroom, table, carpet

kitchen, shelf, pantry

7. Describe your own flat or house following this plan.

Today I want to tell you about my flat. (Вступление)

I live in a …-room flat on the … floor. (Указываете, сколько комнат в квартире, на каком этаже расположена)

I live together with …(Указываете, с кем вместе вы живете. Если ни с кем, то пишите – I live alone (я живу один))

There is … there. (Перечисляете, какие комнаты есть в квартире)

There is also a balcony and a corridor there. (Дополнение)

Our kitchen is … (Несколько слов о кухне. Если нужно более подробное описание, воспользуйтесь фразой There is …, картинкой со словами на тему «кухня» и перечислите все, что там есть)

We like to get together there and eat my mother's delicious cookings. (Дополнение)

My parent's room is … (Описываем комнату родителей)

In my brother's / sister's room there is … (Описываем комнату брата)

But my room is the best for me. (Переход к описанию своей комнаты)

There is … (Описание своей комнаты)

I try to keep my room in order, I like it when everything is in its place. (Дополнение)

I think my flat is very nice. (Или любая другая финальная фраза)

8. Here are the examples of generic castles from «T he Game of Thrones » . If you were one of the heroes of this saga, what would your family nest look like?

9. Read this text and learn the words for household duties.

What do we mean by «household duties»? Usually it's cooking, washing, ironing, cleaning the house, etc. Women have traditionally been engaged in all these things for many centuries. The situation began to change during and after the First World War, when some women, having mastered «male» professions, did not want to return to «kitchen slavery». In Russia this was facilitated by the Revolution and the new Bolshevik ideology, which called for gender equality, including in the management of the household. It was the young Soviet state where that huge number of pamphlets and campaign posters appeared urging men and children to share household chores with their wives and mothers. Meanwhile, in Europe and America, the question of equality of duties between the two sexes was not looked so progressively. The woman there was still perceived primarily as «the keeper of the hearth». The situation worsened after the Second World War, when there were calls for women to return from the factories and production, where they went to replace men, and to do what nature intended them.

The typical housewife's day of that time looked like this. You had to get up before anyone else in the house, get dressed and make up to look good. Then cook breakfast for the whole family, wake up the household, feed and send them: husband – to work and children – to school. Then the woman washed the dishes left after breakfast, cleaned the house (wiped dust, vacuum cleaned or washed the floor), washed, dried and ironed clothes. Then she could go shopping or gossip with her friends over a cup of tea. When the children came back from school, they needed to be fed lunch. Then it was time to cook dinner and wait for the husband. It was necessary to meet the husband friendly and beautiful, despite whether you are tired or not during the day. After dinner it was necessary to wash the dishes again, put the children to bed, and repeat everything from the beginning in the morning.

You will call it a terrible fate? But let's go back to the USSR. All calls for the separation of household duties between a man and a woman often remained only beautiful words. And to all the duties listed for a western woman the duties of a foremost production or exemplary milkmaid were added. That is, in fact, Soviet women carried out both women's and men's work. What can be observed in modern Russia, too.

10. Write what you have to do on each day of week.

feed the pets; help Mom in the garden; help Dad with the car; do a lot of housework; put the dirty plates in the dishwasher; go shopping; set the table before breakfast and dinner; water the flowers in the garden; make the bed; put the clothes in the wardrobe; take out the rubbish; hoover the carpets; wash the dishes; sweep the floor; mop the floor; cook the meals; iron the clothes; wash the clothes

Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturday	Sunday
set the table before breakfast;					wash the clothes;

11. Match the words to make them phrases.

1	to clean	a	the floor
2	to vacuum	b	the room
3	to sweep	c	the bookcase
4	to wash	d	the carpet
5	to dust	e	the window
6	to make	f	the door
7	to open	g	the shelf
8	to shut	h	the bed